TOEFL ITP Reading 04b Answer
About 8,000 people looked over the horseless carriages on November 3, 1900, the opening day of the New York Auto Show, and the first opportunity for the automobile industry to show off its wares to a sizable audience.
(Sekitar 8.000 orang melihat ke kereta tanpa kuda pada tanggal 3 November 1900, hari pembukaan Pameran Mobil New York, dan kesempatan pertama industri otomotif untuk memamerkan produk-produknya kepada audiens dengan jumlah besar.)
By happenstance, the number of people at the show equalled the entire car population at that time.
(Secara tidak disengaja, jumlah orang yang hadir di pameran itu sama dengan jumlah populasi mobil saat itu.)
At that time, 10 million bicycles and an unknown number of horse-and-buggies provided the prime means of transportation.
(Saat itu, 10 juta sepeda dan kereta kuda yang tidak diketahui jumlahnya menjadi alat transportasi utama.)
Only about 4,000 cars were assembled in the United States in 1900, and only a quarter of those were
gasoline powered.
(Hanya sekitar 4.000 mobil dirakit di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1900, dan hanya seperempat dari jumlah itu berbahan bakar bensin.)
The rest ran on steam or electricity.
(Yang lainnya menggunakan tenaga uap atau listrik.)
After viewing the cars made by 32 car makers, the show’s audience favored electric cars because they were quiet.
(Setelah melihat mobil-mobil yang dibuat oleh 32 pabrik mobil, pengunjung pameran lebih menyukai mobil elektrik karena lebih tidak berisik.)
The risk of a boiler explosion turned people away from steamers, and the gasoline powered cars produced smelly fumes.
(Resiko ledakan ketel membuat orang menghindari mobil tenaga uap dan mobil berbahan bakar bensin menghasilkan asap yang berbau.)
The Duryea Motor Wagon Company, which launched the American auto industry in 1892, offered an additive designed to mask the smell of the naphtha that it burned.
(The Duryea Motor Wagon Company, yang meluncurkan industri otomotif di Amerika pada tahun 1892, menawarkan bahan tambahan yang didesain untuk menutup bau nafta yang dibakar oleh mobil.)
The prices were not that different from what they are today.
(Harganya tidak begitu berbeda dengan sekarang.)
Most cost between $800 and $1,500, or roughly $11,000 to $18,500 in today’s prices.
(Sebagian besar berharga antara $800 dan $1.500 atau sekitar $11.000 hingga $18.500 dalam harga saat ini.)
Many of the 1900 models were cumbersome – the Gasmobile, the Franklin, and the Orient, for example, steered with tillers like boats rather than with steering wheels.
(Banyak model mobil tahun 1900-an yang rumit – Gasmobile, Franklin dan Orient, sebagai contoh, memiliki pasak kemudi seperti kapal dibandingkan dengan roda kemudi.)
The black-tie audience at the show viewed the display more as a social outing than as the extravaganzas that auto shows were about to become.
(Pengunjung dengan pakaian formal di pameran itu melihat acara itu lebih sebagai event sosial dibandingkan dengan acara spektakuler yang pameran mobil nantinya akan menjadi.)
1. Approximately how many cars were there in the United States in 1900?
(A) 4,000
(B) 8,000
(C) 10 million
(D) An unknown number
Jawaban yang paling tepat (B)
Line (5) By happenstance, the number of people at the show equalled the entire car population at that time.
Line (1) About 8,000 people looked over the horseless carriages on November 3, 1900, the opening day of the New York Auto Show,
2 kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa jumlah mobil di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1900 adalah sekitar 8.000 mobil
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “By happenstance” as used in line 5?
(A) Generally
(B) For example
(C) Coincidentally
(D) By design
Jawaban yang paling tepat (C)
happenstance = kebetulan
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/happenstance?q=happenstance
coincidental = kebetulan
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/coincidental
3. Approximately how many of the cars assembled in the year 1900 were gasoline powered?
(A) 32
(B) 1,000
(C) 2,000
(D) 4,000
Jawaban yang paling tepat (B)
Line (8) Only about 4,000 cars were assembled in the United States in 1900, and only a quarter of those were gasoline powered. (The rest ran on steam or electricity.)
Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa jumlah mobil bertenaga bensin adalah seperempat dari total 4.000 mobil (=1.000 mobil)
4. According to the passage, people at the 1900 New York Auto Show favored cars powered by
(A) electricity
(B) naphtha
(C) gasoline
(D) steam
Jawaban yang paling tepat (A)
Line (11) After viewing the cars made by 32 car makers, the show’s audience favored electric cars because they were quiet.
Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa yang disukai pengunjung adalah mobil elektrik.
5. The word “fumes” in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) fuels
(B) grains
(C) fires
(D) gases
Jawaban yang paling tepat (D)
fumes = asap / gas
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/fumes
6. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “launched” in line 15?
(A) Joined
(B) Designed
(C) Initiated
(D) Anticipated
Jawaban yang paling tepat (C)
launch = initate = memulai sesuatu
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/launch_1?q=launch
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/initiate_1?q=initiate
7. The purpose of the additive mentioned in line 16 was to
(A) increase the speed of cars
(B) make engines run more efficiently
(C) hide offensive smells
(D) make cars look better
Jawaban yang paling tepat (C)
Line (14) The Duryea Motor Wagon Company, which launched the American auto industry in 1892, offered an additive designed to mask the smell of the naphtha that it burned.
Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa tujuan dari zat tambahan adalah untuk menyembunyikan bau yang menyengat.
8. What was the highest price asked for a car at the 1900 New York Auto Show in the dollars of that time?
(A) $800
(B) $1,500
(C) $11,300
(D) $18,500
Jawaban yang paling tepat (B)
Line (18) The prices were not that different from what they are today. Most cost between $800 and $1,500, or roughly $11,000 to $18,500 in today’s prices.
Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa harga tertinggi sebuah mobil pada saat itu adalah $1,500
9. The word “cumbersome” in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) clumsy
(B) unshapely
(C) fragile
(D) inconvenient
Jawaban yang paling tepat (A)
cumbersome = clumsy = susah dikendalikan / digunakan
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/cumbersome?q=cumbersome
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/clumsy?q=clumsy
10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as steering with a tiller rather than with a steering wheel?
(A) A Franklin
(B) A Duryea
(C) An Orient
(D) A Gasmobile
Jawaban yang paling tepat (B)
Line (20) Many of the 1900 models were cumbersome-the Gasmobile, the Franklin, and the Orient, for example, steered with tillers like boats rather than with steering wheels.
Dari kalimat di atas tipe mobil yang tidak dikendalikan dengan kemudi perahu adalah Duryea
11. The passage implies that the audience viewed the 1900 New York Auto Show primarily as
(A) a formal social affair
(B) a chance to buy automobiles at low prices
(C) an opportunity to learn how to drive
(D) a chance to invest in one of thirty-two automobile manufacturers
Jawaban yang paling tepat (A)
Line (23) The black-tie audience at the show viewed the display more as a social outing than as the extravaganzas that auto shows were about to become.
Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa eksibisi mobil di atas lebih dianggap sebagai acara sosial yang formal.
12. It can be inferred from the passage that auto shows held after 1900
(A) were more spectacular
(B) involved fewer manufacturers
(C) were more formal
(D) involved less expensive cars
Jawaban yang paling tepat (A)
Line (23) The black-tie audience at the show viewed the display more as a social outing than as the extravaganzas that auto shows were about to become.
Kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa eksibisi mobil setelah tahun 1900 lebih spektakuler.