TOEFL ITP - Reading 14b Answer

TOEFL ITP Reading 14b Answer

Nearly 515 blocks of San Francisco, including almost all of Nob Hill, were destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fires.
Hampir 515 blok di San Fransisco, termasuk hampir semua di Nob Hill, dihancurkan oleh gempa bumi dan kebakaran tahun 1906.

Many of San Francisco’s “painted ladies” – its gaudy, nineteenth century Victorian houses – were lost in the disaster.
Banyak ‘nona-nona lukisan’ San Fransisco -rumah-rumah gaya Viktoria abad ke-19 yang mencolok – musnah dalam bencana itu.

Today, some 14,000 surviving houses have been preserved, particularly in the Cow Hollow, Mission, Pacific Heights, and Alamo Square districts.
Saat ini, beberapa 14.000 rumah yang selamat telah dilestarikan, terutama di distrik Cow Hollow, Mission, Pacific Heights, dan Alamo Square.

Distinguished by their design characteristics, three styles of San Franciscan Victorians can be found today.
Dibedakan oleh karakter desain mereka, tiga gaya rumah Viktorian San Fransisco bisa ditemukan saat ini.

The Italianate, which flourished in the 1870’s, is characterized by a flat roof, slim pillars flanking the front door, and bays with windows that slant inward.
Italianate, yang tumbuh di tahun 1870-an, ditandai oleh atap rata, pilar ramping yang mengapit pintu depan, dan cekungan dengan jendela yang miring ke dalam.

The ornamentation of these narrow row houses was patterned after features of the Roman Classical styles.
Penghiasan deret rumah yang sempit ini dipolakan seperti fitur gaya Romawi Klasik.

The Stick style, which peaked in popularity during the 1880s, added ornate woodwork outlines to the doors and windows.
Gaya Stick, yang mencapai puncak popularitas selama tahun 1880-an, menambahkan guratan kayu yang indah dan rumit ke pintu dan jendela.

Other additions included the French cap, gables, and three-sided bays.
Tambahan-tambahan lain meliputi French cap, atap pelana, dan cekungan jendela 3 sisi.

Designs changed dramatically when the Queen Anne style became the rage in the 1890’s.
Desain berubah secara dramatis ketika gaya Ratu Anne menjadi populer di tahun 1890-an.

Turrets, towers, steep gabled roofs, and glass art windows distinguished Queen Anne houses from their predecessors.
Menara kecil, menara, atap pelana yang curam dan jendela kaca dengan lukisan membedakan rumah-rumah gaya Ratu Anne dengan pendahulunya.

In the period after the earthquake, the Victorians came to be regarded as impossibly old-fashioned,
Di periode setelah gempa bumi, gaya Viktorian dianggap sangat kuno,

but beginning around 1960, owners began peeling off stucco, tearing off false fronts, reapplying custom woodwork, and commissioning multi-hued paint jobs.
tapi mulai sekitar tahun 1960, pemiliki-pemilik rumah mulai melepaskan stuko, mencopot fasad palsu dan menempelkan kerajinan kayu dan memerintahkan pengecatan multi-corak.

Before long, many of these houses had been restored to their former splendor.
Tidak lama kemudian, banya rumah-rumah ini yang dikembalikan ke kejayaannya dulu.

11. Which of the following is NOT one of the author’s purposes in writing the passage?
(A) To talk about the restoration of Victorian houses in San Francisco in the 1960’s
(B) To discuss housing problems in San Francisco today
(C) To briefly trace the history of Victorian houses in San Francisco
(D) To categorize the three types of Victorian houses found in San Francisco

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(B) To discuss housing problems in San Francisco today
(Membahas masalah perumahan di San Fransisco saat ini)

Ini tidak disebutkan dan dibahas dalam bacaan.

12. The word “gaudy” in line 3 is closest in meaning to
(A) showy
(B) enormous
(C) antiquated
(D) simple

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(A) showy
– gaudy = showy = mencolok, menonjol
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/gaudy_1?q=gaudy
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/showy?q=showy

13. According to the passage, in what district of San Francisco are authentic Victorian houses LEAST likely to be found today?
(A) Cow Hollow
(B) Pacific Heights
(C) The Mission
(D) Nob Hill

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(D) Nob Hill

Ini bisa disimpulkan dari:
Many of San Francisco’s “painted ladies” – its gaudy, nineteenth century Victorian houses – were lost in the disaster.
Banyak ‘nona-nona lukisan’ San Fransisco -rumah-rumah gaya Viktoria abad ke-19 yang mencolok – musnah dalam bencana itu.

Today, some 14,000 surviving houses have been preserved, particularly in the Cow Hollow, Mission, Pacific Heights, and Alamo Square districts.
Saat ini, beberapa 14.000 rumah yang selamat telah dilestarikan, terutama di distrik Cow Hollow, Mission, Pacific Heights, dan Alamo Square.

14. According to the passage, which of the following styles of architecture was the last to become fashionable in San Francisco?
(A) Roman Classical
(B) Italianate
(C) Stick
(D) Queen Anne

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(D) Queen Anne

Ini bisa disimpulkan dari:

Designs changed dramatically when the Queen Anne style became the rage in the 1890’s.
Desain berubah secara dramatis ketika gaya Ratu Anne menjadi populer di tahun 1890-an.

Turrets, towers, steep gabled roofs, and glass art windows distinguished Queen Anne houses from their predecessors.
Menara kecil, menara, atap pelana yang curam dan jendela kaca dengan lukisan membedakan rumah-rumah gaya Ratu Anne dengan pendahulunya.

In the period after the earthquake, the Victorians came to be regarded as impossibly old-fashioned,
Di periode setelah gempa bumi, gaya Viktorian dianggap sangat kuno,

but beginning around 1960, owners began peeling off stucco, tearing off false fronts, reapplying custom woodwork, and commissioning multi-hued paint jobs.
tapi mulai sekitar tahun 1960, pemiliki-pemilik rumah mulai melepaskan stuko, mencopot fasad palsu dan menempelkan kerajinan kayu dan memerintahkan pengecatan multi-corak.

15. As used in the second paragraph, the word “bays” refers to
(A) bodies of water
(B) colors
(C) architectural features
(D) trees

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(C) architectural features
(fitur arsitektur)

bay = cekungan / lekukan / area yang menonjol atau menjorok dibandingkan area lain dari sebuah rumah
https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bay_1?q=bay

16. Which of the following is most likely to be seen only on a Queen Anne style house?
(A) A flat roof
(B) A tower
(C) A French cap
(D) Gables

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(B) A tower
(Sebuah menara)

Ini bisa disimpulkan dari:

17. During which of the following periods were San Francisco’s Victorian houses generally thought of as old-fashioned?
(A) From 1870 to 1890
(B) During the 1890’s
(C) From 1907 to 1960
(D) During the 1960’s

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(C) From 1907 to 1960
(Dari tahun 1907 hingga 1960)

Ini bisa disimpulkan dari:
Nearly 515 blocks of San Francisco, including almost all of Nob Hill, were destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fires.
Hampir 515 blok di San Fransisco, termasuk hampir semua di Nob Hill, dihancurkan oleh gempa bumi dan kebakaran tahun 1906.

….

In the period after the earthquake, the Victorians came to be regarded as impossibly old-fashioned,
Di periode setelah gempa bumi, gaya Viktorian dianggap sangat kuno,

18. What can be inferred from the passage about Victorian houses after they had been restored?
(A) They were painted in many colors.
(B) They looked exactly like modern houses.
(C) They were covered with new fronts made of stucco.
(D) They were more attractive than the original houses.

Jawaban yang tepat adalah:
(A) They were painted in many colors.
(Mereka dicat dalam banyak warna)

Ini bisa disimpulkan dari:
In the period after the earthquake, the Victorians came to be regarded as impossibly old-fashioned,
Di periode setelah gempa bumi, gaya Viktorian dianggap sangat kuno,

Before long, many of these houses had been restored to their former splendor.
Tidak lama kemudian, banya rumah-rumah ini yang dikembalikan ke kejayaannya dulu.