1. A crescent wrench has adjustable jaws for ______ a nut, bolt, or pipe.
(A) to grip
(B) they grip
(C) gripping
(D) gripped

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
A crescent wrench has adjustable jaws for (gripping) a nut, bolt, or pipe.
– for = preposition
– preposition hanya bisa diikuti oleh noun atau gerund (Verb ing)

2. Compressed air is _____ air brakes, pneumatic tools, and other machinery.
(A) used to powering
(B) to use powering
(C) used to power
(D) in use by powering

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
Compressed air is (used to power) air brakes, pneumatic tools, and other machinery.
– is (dan verb be lain) hanya bisa diikuti verb dalam bentuk Verb ing (using) atau Verb 3 (used)
– A used to powering salah karena untuk tujuan / maksud, to + Verb 1

3. Some people believe that the crystals of certain minerals _____ curative powers.
(A) have
(B) having
(C) that have
(D) to have

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (A)
Some people believe that the crystals of certain minerals (have) curative powers.
– the crystals of certain minerals = plural subject
– Untuk plural subject kita gunakan plural verb (have)
– B having salah karena tidak ada verb be yang harusnya mendahului Verb ing
– C that have salah karena relative pronoun sudah ada di awal kalimat
– D to have salah infinitive (to + Verb 1) tidak bisa menjadi main verb sendiri (harus ada verb lain sebelumnya)

4. The narrow blades of speed skates allow _____ speeds of up to 30 miles per hour.
(A) for skaters maintaining
(B) skaters to maintain
(C) skaters maintain
(D) maintenance by skaters

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (B)
The narrow blades of speed skates allow (skaters to maintain) speeds of up to 30 miles per hour.
– allow = causative verb (verb yang mengindikasikan sesuatu dilakukan oleh orang lain selain subject)
– Pola kalimat dengan allow: allow + object + to + Verb 1
– Hanya B yang mengikuti pola di atas

5. The first library _____ in the Nebraska Territory was built in Fort Atkinson in 1870.
(A) to be established
(B) was established
(C) could establish
(D) to establish

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (A)
The first library (to be established) in the Nebraska Territory was built in Fort Atkinson in 1870.
– was = main verb
– The first library _____ in the Nebraska Territory = subject (noun phrase)
– the first library = head noun dari noun phrase
– head bisa diikuti:
** prepositional phrase (preposition)
** Verb ing phrases (Verb ing)
** relative clause (question word + subject + verb)
** infinitive (to + Verb 1)
– B salah karena bukan salah satu dari 4 bentuk di atas
– C salah karena bukan salah satu dari 4 bentuk di atas
– D salah karena meskipun inifinitive (to establish) makna noun phrase menjadi tidak jelas
– A benar karena infinitive dan makna noun phrase menjadi jelas dan pas
– The first to be established in the Nebraska Terrritory = Perpustakaan pertama yang didirikan di Teritori Nebraska

6. Insects provide many beneficial services, such as ______ , breaking down deadwood, and pollinating plants.
(A) they condition soils
(B) to condition soil
(C) conditioning the soil
(D) soil conditioned

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
Insects provide many beneficial services, such as (conditioning the soil), breaking down deadwood, and pollinating plants.
– Dalam kalimat soal terdapat parallel structure ___, ____, and/or/but also ____
– Semua kata / frasa dalam kalimat yang menggunakan parallel structure harus dalam bentuk dan fungsi gramatikal yang sama
– breaking down deadwood,
– and pollinating plants.
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: gerund (Verb ing) => C

7. Frozen orange juice must be packed, ______ , and stored when the fruit is ripe.
(A) be frozen
(B) must be frozen
(C) frozen
(D) it must be frozen

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
Frozen orange juice must be packed, (frozen) , and stored when the fruit is ripe.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– packed,
– and stored
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: Verb 3 (frozen)
– A salah karena ada duplikasi be
– B salah karena ada duplikasi must be
– D salah karena ada duplikasi subject dan must be

8. Sioux is a North American Indian language that is spoken not only ______ Sioux but also by the Crow and Osage tribes.
(A) by the
(B) the
(C) do the
(D) and the

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (A)
Sioux is a North American Indian language that is spoken not only (by the) Sioux but also by the Crow and Osage tribes.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– ______ Sioux
– by the Crow and Osage tribes
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: by the => A

9. In 1900 electrically powered cars were more popular than gasoline powered cars because they were quiet, operated smoothly, and _____
(A) handled easily
(B) ease of handling
(C) handling easily
(D) easy to handle

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (A)
In 1900 electrically powered cars were more popular than gasoline powered cars because they were quiet, operated smoothly, and (handled easily)
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– operated smoothly
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: Verb 3 + adverb => A

10. Roger Williams was a clergyman, ______ the colony of Rhode Island, and an outspoken advocate of religious and political freedom.
(A) founded
(B) the founder of
(C) was the founder of
(D) he founded

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (B)
Roger Williams was a clergyman, (the founder of) the colony of Rhode Island, and an outspoken advocate of religious and political freedom.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– a clergyman,
– an outspoken advocate
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan adalah: noun
– A salah karena dalam bentuk verb
– D salah karena dalam bentuk verb
– C salah karena dalam bentuk noun tapi ada duplikasi was

11. Paint can be applied to a surface with rollers, ______ , or spray guns.
(A) brushes
(B) brushes can be used
(C) with brushes
(D) by brush

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (A)
Paint can be applied to a surface with rollers, (brushes), or spray guns.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– rollers
– spray guns
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: noun
– B salah karena ada duplikasi verb (can be used)
– C salah karena ada duplikasi preposition (with), tapi item terakhir (spray guns) tidak diawali with
– D salah karena ada tambahan preposition (by)

12. The use of labor-saving devices in homes, _____ , and factories added to the amount of leisure time people had.
(A) at an office
(B) used in offices
(C) offices
(D) in offices

Jawaban yang paling tepat (C)
The use of labor-saving devices in homes, (offices), and factories added to the amount of leisure time people had.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– homes
– factories
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: plural noun => C
– A salah karena ada tambahan preposition (at) dan bentuk nounnya singular (office)
– B salah karena ada tambahan verb (used) dan preposition (in)
– D salah karena ada tambahan preposition (in), sedangkan di item terakhir (factories) tidak diawali in

13. A dulcimer can be played by either striking its strings with a hammer or _____
(A) to pluck them with the fingers
(B) fingers are used to pluck them
(C) they are plucked with the fingers
(D) plucking them with the fingers

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (D)
A dulcimer can be played by either striking its strings with a hammer or (plucking them with the fingers)
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– striking its strings with a hammer
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan adalah: gerund (striking…) => D

14. Throughout history, trade routes have increased contact between people, ______ , and greatly affected the growth of civilization.
(A) have resulted in an exchange of ideas
(B) an exchange of ideas has resulted
(C) resulted in an exchange of ideas
(D) resulting in an exchange of ideas

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
Throughout history, trade routes have increased contact between people, (resulted in an exchange of ideas) , and greatly affected the growth of civilization.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– increased contact between people
– greatly affected the growth of civilization
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: verb dalam bentuk Verb 3 => C
– A salah karena ada duplikasi auxiliary verb have
– B salah karena ada tambahan subject (an exchange of ideas) dan tambahan auxiliary verb (has)
– D salah karena dalam bentuk verb ing

15. Walt Disney made many technical advances in the use of sound, color, and ______ in animated films.
(A) photographing
(B) using photography
(C) photography
(D) use of photographs

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
Walt Disney made many technical advances in the use of sound, color, and (photography) in animated films.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– sound
– color
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: noun => C
– A salah karena dalam bentuk Verb ing
– B salah karena ada tambahan verb (using)
– D salah karena ada tambahan verb (use)

16. Artist Paul Kane traveled throughout Northwest Canada on foot, by canoe, and ______ to sketch Native Canadians going about their ordinary lives.
(A) on horseback
(B) riding a horse
(C) horseback
(D) by a horse

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (A)
Artist Paul Kane traveled throughout Northwest Canada on foot, by canoe, and (on horseback) to sketch Native Canadians going about their ordinary lives.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– on foot
– by canoe
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: preposition + noun => A
– B salah karena ada gerund (riding)
– C salah karena tidak ada preposition
– D salah karena ada tambahan determiner (a), item lain tidak ada tambahan determiner

17. Barbara Jordan was the first woman in the South to win an election to the House of Representatives, _____ as Congresswoman from Texas from 1973 to 1979.
(C) to serve
(D) served
(C) serving
(D) has served

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah ©
Barbara Jordan was the first woman in the South to win an election to the House of Representatives, (serving) as Congresswoman from Texas from 1973 to 1979.
– Kalimat soal TIDAK memiliki parallel structure
– Barbara Jordan = subject
– was = verb
– _____ as Congresswoman from Texas from 1973 to 1979 = relative clause (klausa yang memberikan informasi tambahan untuk subject/object, dalam hal ini subject Barbara Jordan)
– full relative clause = who served as Congresswoman from Texas from 1973 to 1979
– reduced relative clause = serving as Congresswoman from Texas from 1973 to 1979 => C

18. Photographers’ choice of a camera depends on what kind of pictures they want to take, how
much control they want over exposure, and _____ they want to spend.
(A) the amount of money
(B) what money
(C) how much money
(D) so much money that

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (C)
Photographers’ choice of a camera depends on what kind of pictures they want to take, how
much control they want over exposure, and (how much money) they want to spend.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– what kind of pictures they want to take,
– how much control they want over exposure
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan adalah: question word + noun + clause => C
– A salah karena tidak ada question word
– B salah karena question word yang digunakan (what) menghasilkan frasa yang tidak sinkron artinya
– D salah karena tidak ada question word

19. Atlanta is the commercial, financial, and ______ of Georgia.
(A) center of administration
(B) administrative center
(C) center for administering
(D) administering center

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (B)
Atlanta is the commercial, financial, and (administrative center) of Georgia.
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– commercial
– financial
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan adalah: adjective => (administrative = adjective)

20. Even after the Revolutionary War, American importers obtained merchandise from Britain because British merchants understood American tastes, offered attractive prices, and _____
(A) easy credit was provided
(B) because of easy credit
(C) easy credit
(D) provided easy credit

Jawaban yang paling tepat adalah (D)
Even after the Revolutionary War, American importers obtained merchandise from Britain because British merchants understood American tastes, offered attractive prices, and (provided easy credit)
– Kalimat soal memiliki parallel structure
– understood American tastes,
– offered attractive prices
– bentuk gramatikal yang digunakan: verb dalam bentuk Verb 2
– A salah karena verb dalam bentuk Verb 3 (pasif) dan diawali noun
– B salah karena tidak ada verb
– C salah karena tidak ada verb