Past Lives Trailer

providence
(noun) a force that some people believe controls our lives and the things that happen to us

fate
(noun) the power that is believed to control everything that happens and that cannot be stopped or changed

seduce
(verb) to attract or entice someone to have sex with you, typically by offering them something they desire

sweetheart
(noun) a person with whom someone is having a romantic relationship

reconnect
(verb) to establish or resume a connection with someone or something

destiny
(noun) what happens to somebody or what will happen to them in the future, especially things that they cannot change or avoid

accidentally
(adverb) by chance; in a way that was not planned

brush
(verb) to touch something lightly with something else

In this lesson, we will learn how to use:
– there have been
– there has been
– there had been

If two strangers walk by each other in the street and their clothes accidentally brush that means there have been 8,000 layers of In-Yun between them.

there have been
The phrase “there have been” is used to introduce a list of things that have happened or existed.
There have been many earthquakes in California.
= Many earthquakes have happened in California.

We can also use the phrase “there have been” to introduce a list of things that have been done.
There have been some changes made to the report.
= Some changes have been done to the report.

We use the phrase “there have been” with plural nouns.
There have been many earthquakes in California.
There have been many earthquake in California. (wrong)

There have been some changes made to the report.
There have been some change made to the report. (wrong)

This phrase is a form of Present Perfect tense.

there has been
The phrase “there has been” is used to introduce one thing that has happened.
There has been an accident.
= An accident has happened.

We can also use the phrase “there has been” to introduce one thing that has been done.
There has been a change in the schedule.
= A change in the schedule has been done.

We use the phrase “there has been” with singular nouns.
There has been an accident.
There has been accidents. (wrong)

There has been a change in the schedule.
There has been changes in the schedule. (wrong)

This phrase is also a form of Present Perfect tense.

there had been
The phrase “there had been” is used to introduce a list of things that happened or existed in the past.
There had been many earthquakes in California before the big one in 1906.
= Many earthquakes had happened in California before the big one in 1906.

We can use “there had been” with singular and plural nouns.
There had been many earthquakes in California before the big one in 1906.
There had been a change in the schedule before he called yesterday.

This phrase is a form of Past Perfect tense.

We use “there have been” and “there has been” if some actions happened in the past and have a connection to the present.

There have been many earthquakes in California.
= Many earthquakes happened in California in the past and they continue to have an effect on the present time.

We can use “there have been” and “there has been” for things that just happened or happened recently.

There has been an accident.
= An accident just happened.

There have been robberies in that neighborhood.
= Robberies happened in that neighborhood recently.

We use “there had been” if an action happened before another past action.

There had been many earthquakes in California before the big one in 1906.
= Many earthquakes happened before a big earthquake in 1906.

There had been a change in the schedule before he called yesterday.
= A change in the schedule happened before his call yesterday.

We use “there had been” in reported speech when the direct speech uses “there have been” or “there has been.”

Direct speech: He said, “There has been an accident.”
Reported speech: He said that there had been an accident.

Direct speech: He said, “There have been many robberies here.”
Reported speech: He said that there had been many robberies there.