There are 9 parts of speech or word classes in English language:
– nouns
– pronouns
– determiners
– verbs
– prepositions
– adjectives
– adverbs
– conjunctions
– interjections

Question tags are short questions at the end of a sentence to ask for confirmation or express invitation.

– Your older sister lives in Spain, doesn’t she?
– He can’t drive, can he?

1. If the sentence is positive, we use negative question tag.
Jane is smart, isn’t she?
Jane is smart, is she? (wrong)

Jack and Tom are playing badminton, aren’t they?
Jack and Tom are playing badminton, are they? (Wrong)

Note:
If the question tag is negative, “not” must be in shortened form.
Jane is smart, isn’t she?
Jane is smart, is not she? (wrong)

2. If the sentence is negative, we use positive question tag.
Jane is not late, is she?
Jane is not late, isn’t she? (wrong)

Jack and Tom are not playing badminton, are they?
Jack and Tom are not playing badminton, aren’t they? (wrong)

3. If the sentence is an order or instruction, we use “will you.”
Don’t be noisy, will you?
Don’t be noisy, do you? (wrong)

Open the door, will you?
Open the door, don’t you? (wrong)

4. If the sentence uses present simple tense, we use “do/does” in the question tag.
John takes the train to work, doesn’t he?
John takes the train to work, does he? (wrong)

John and Linda don’t take the train to work, do they?
John and Linda don’t take the train to work, don’t they? (wrong)

5. If the sentence uses past simple, we use “did” in the question tag.
John told you about the meeting, didn’t he?
John told you about the meeting, did he? (wrong)

John didn’t tell you about the meeting, did he?
John didn’t tell you about the meeting, didn’t he? (wrong)

6. If the sentence uses “I am”, we use “aren’t I” in the question tag.
I am right, aren’t I?
I am right, am not I? (wrong)

7. If the sentence uses “I am not”, we use “am I” in the question tag.
I am not wrong, am I?
I am not wrong, are I? (wrong)
I am not wrong, am not I? (wrong)

8. If the sentence uses a modal verb, we use the same modal verb in the question tag.
Linda will come back soon, won’t she? (won’t = will not)
Linda will come back soon, will she? (wrong)

Tom can’t drive, can he?
Tom can’t drive, can’t he? (wrong)

9. If the sentence uses “have to/has to”, we use “do/does” in the question tag.
They have to go now, don’t they?
They have to go now, do they? (wrong)
They have to go now, haven’t they? (wrong)
They have to go now, have they? (wrong)

He has to go now, doesn’t he?
He has to go now, does he? (wrong)
He has to go now, hasn’t he? (wrong)
He has to go now, has he? (wrong)

10. If the subject of the sentence is: somebody, everyone, someone, everybody, noone or nobody, we use “they” in the question tag.

Everybody went to that concert, didn’t they?
Everybody went to that concert, did they?(wrong)

Somebody told you about the plan, didn’t they?
Somebody told you about the plan, didn’t he? (wrong)
Somebody told you about the plan, didn’t she? (wrong)

11. If the sentence is positive but uses a word with negative connotation (nobody, nothing, no one, never, hardly, rarely, seldom, barely), we use positive question tag.

No one was there yesterday, were they?
No one was there yesterday, weren’t they? (wrong)

She never comes on time, does she?
She never comes on time, doesn’t she? (wrong)

12. if the subject of the sentence is: something, everything, dan nothing, we use kita gunakan “it” in the question tag.

Something is wrong, isn’t it?
Something is wrong, is it? (wrong)

Everything must be ready by 7pm, mustn’t it?
Everything must be ready by 7pm, mustn’t they? (wrong)

13. If the sentence starts with “let’s,” we use “shall we” in the question tag.

Let’s go, shall we?
Let’s go, should we? (wrong)
Let’s go, will you? (wrong)
Let’s go, do we? (wrong)